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NEW QUESTION 12
DESIGNATION : STIGMA ::
- A. falsehood : lie
- B. circumstance : predicament
- C. legislation : statute
- D. odor : fragrance
- E. advice : command
Answer: B
Explanation:
This is a "negative form of" analogy. A STIGMA (mark or sign of disgrace) is an unwanted DESIGNATION.
Similarly, a predicament(difficult situation) is an unwanted circumstance.
NEW QUESTION 13
Mount Vesuvius, a volcano located between the ancient Italian cities of Pompeii and
Herculaneum, has received much attention because of its frequent and destructive eruptions. The most
famous of these eruptions occurred in A. D. 79. The volcano had been inactive for centuries. There was
little warning of the coming eruption, although one account unearthed by archaeologists says that a hard
rain and a strong wind had disturbed the celestial calm during the preceding night. Early the next morning,
the volcano poured a huge river of molten rock down upon Herculaneum, completely burying the city and
filling in the harbor with coagulated lavA. Meanwhile, on the other side of the mountain, cinders, stone and
ash rained down on Pompeii. Sparks from the burning ash ignited the combustible rooftops quickly. Large
portions of the city were destroyed in the conflagration. Fire, however, was not the only cause of
destruction. Poisonous sulphuric gases saturated the air. These heavy gases were not buoyant in the
atmosphere and therefore sank toward the earth and suffocated people. Over the years, excavations of
Pompeii and Herculaneum have revealed a great deal about the behavior of the volcano.
By analyzing data, much as a zoologist dissects a specimen animal, scientist have concluded that the
eruption changed large portions of the area's geography. For instance, it turned the Sarno River from its
course and raised the level of the beach along the Bay of Naples. Meteorologists studying these events
have also concluded that Vesuvius caused a huge tidal wave that affected the world's climate. In addition
to making these investigations, archaeologists have been able to study the skeletons of victims by using
distilled water to wash away the volcanic ash. By strengthening the brittle bones with acrylic paint,
scientists have been able to examine the skeletons and draw conclusions about the diet and habits of the
residents. Finally, the excavations at both Pompeii and
Herculaneum have yielded many examples of classical art, such as jewelry made of bronze, which is an
alloy of copper and tin. The eruption of Mount Vesuvius and its tragic consequences have provided us
with a wealth of data about the effects that volcanoes can have on the surrounding areA. Today
volcanologists can locate and predict eruptions, saving lives and preventing the destruction of cities and
cultures.
_ ___have concluded that the volcanic eruption caused a tidal wave.
- A. Scientist who study ash
- B. Scientist who study atmospheric conditions
- C. Scientist who study oceans
- D. Scientist who study animal behavior
- E. Answer not available in article
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 14
QUELL : UPRISING ::
- A. quench : thirst
- B. strike : labor
- C. indulge : habit
- D. incite : hostility
- E. bite : hunger
Answer: A
Explanation:
This is one form of an "operates against" analogy. To QUELL is to suppress or put down, an act that
eliminates an UPRISING; similarly, to quench is to completely satisfy a thirst, an act that eliminates it.
NEW QUESTION 15
The village of Vestmannaeyjar, in the far northern country of Iceland, is as bright and clean and up-to-date
as any American or Canadian suburb. It is located on the island of Heimaey, just off the mainland. One
January night in 1973, however, householders were shocked from their sleep. In some backyards red-hot
liquid was spurting from the ground.
Flaming "skyrockets" shot up and over the houses. The island's volcano, Helgafell, silent for seven
thousand years, was violently erupting! Luckily, the island's fishing fleet was in port, and within twenty-four
hours almost everyone was ferried to the mainland. But then the agony of the island began in earnest. As
in a nightmare, fountains of burning lava spurted three hundred feet high. Black, baseball-size cinders
rained down. An evilsmelling, eye-burning, throat-searing cloud of smoke and gas erupted into the air,
and a river of lava flowed down the mountain. The constant shriek of escaping steam was punctuated by
ear-splitting explosions. As time went on, the once pleasant village of Vestmannaeyjar took on a weird
aspect. Its street lamps still burning against the long Arctic night, the town lay under a thick blanket of
cinders. All that could be seen above the ten-foot black drifts were the tips of street signs. Some houses
had collapsed under the weight of cinders; others had burst into flames as the heat ignited their oil storage
tanks. Lighting the whole lurid scene, fire continued to shoot from the mouth of the looming volcano. The
eruption continued for six months. Scientists and reporters arrived from around the world to observe the
awesome natural event. But the town did not die that easily. In July, when the eruption ceased, the people
of Heimaey Island returned to assess the chances of rebuilding their homes and lives. They found tons of
ash covering the ground. The Icelanders are a tough people, however, accustomed to the strange and
violent nature of their Arctic land. They dug out their homes. They even used the cinders to build new
roads and airport runways. Now the new homes of Heimaey are warmed from water pipes heated by
molten lava.
Black cinders fell that were the size of__
- A. footballs
- B. baseballs
- C. golf balls
- D. hail-stones
- E. pebbles
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 16
MUNIFICENT : GENEROSITY ::
- A. domineering : timidity
- B. indisputable : confidence
- C. dolorous : sorrow
- D. fortunate : luck
- E. beguiled : judiciousness
Answer: C
Explanation:
This is a "defining characteristic" analogy. A MUNIFICENT person is characterized by great
GENEROSITY; similarly, a dolorous person is characterized by great sorrow. Since luck can be either bad
or good, choiceD.is not as strong an analogy as choice (A).
NEW QUESTION 17
SCIENTIAL:
- A. ignorant
- B. stupid
- C. gullible
- D. intuitive
- E. regressive
Answer: A
Explanation:
SCIENTIAL means "of or having knowledge," just the opposite of ignorant
NEW QUESTION 18
The village of Vestmannaeyjar, in the far northern country of Iceland, is as bright and clean and up-to-date
as any American or Canadian suburb. It is located on the island of Heimaey, just off the mainland. One
January night in 1973, however, householders were shocked from their sleep. In some backyards red-hot
liquid was spurting from the ground.
Flaming "skyrockets" shot up and over the houses. The island's volcano, Helgafell, silent for seven
thousand years, was violently erupting! Luckily, the island's fishing fleet was in port, and within twenty-four
hours almost everyone was ferried to the mainland. But then the agony of the island began in earnest. As
in a nightmare, fountains of burning lava spurted three hundred feet high. Black, baseball-size cinders
rained down. An evilsmelling, eye-burning, throat-searing cloud of smoke and gas erupted into the air,
and a river of lava flowed down the mountain. The constant shriek of escaping steam was punctuated by
ear-splitting explosions. As time went on, the once pleasant village of Vestmannaeyjar took on a weird
aspect. Its street lamps still burning against the long Arctic night, the town lay under a thick blanket of
cinders. All that could be seen above the ten-foot black drifts were the tips of street signs. Some houses
had collapsed under the weight of cinders; others had burst into flames as the heat ignited their oil storage
tanks. Lighting the whole lurid scene, fire continued to shoot from the mouth of the looming volcano. The
eruption continued for six months. Scientists and reporters arrived from around the world to observe the
awesome natural event. But the town did not die that easily. In July, when the eruption ceased, the people
of Heimaey Island returned to assess the chances of rebuilding their homes and lives. They found tons of
ash covering the ground. The Icelanders are a tough people, however, accustomed to the strange and
violent nature of their Arctic land. They dug out their homes. They even used the cinders to build new
roads and airport runways. Now the new homes of Heimaey are warmed from water pipes heated by
molten lava.
Despite the eruption-
- A. the radio kept broadcasting
- B. the television kept broadcasting
- C. the police kept working
- D. street lamps kept burning
- E. buses kept running
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 19
The first person in the group starts off by naming anything that is geographical. It could be a city, state,
country, river, lake, or any proper geographical term. For example, the person might say,"Boston." The
second person has ten seconds to think of how the word ends and come up with another geographical
term starting with that letter. The second participant might say, "Norway," since the geographical term has
to start with "N." The third person would have to choose a word beginning with " Y." If a player fails to think
of a correct answer within the time limit, that player is out of the game. The last person to survive is the
champion.
The person trying to answer needs-
- A. to know something about spelling and geography
- B. to know geography only
- C. to be a good speller
- D. no time limit
- E. to ignore the last letters of words
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 20
In certain instances, tradition must yield entirely to the utilitarian needs of modern life. When it comes to
historic public buildings, whose structural integrity is (i)_______ to the safety of the general public,
modernization sometimes requires no less than razing the structure and building anew. In other such
cases, however, architecturally appropriate retrofits can solve structural problems without sacrificing
(ii)_______, while alternative locations can be used for new buildings as needed.
- A. imperative
- B. integral
- C. aesthetic cohesiveness
- D. paramount
- E. utilitarian needs
- F. history or tradition
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
The idea of the first sentence is that historic buildings that cannot be made safe must often be demolished,
because structural safety is essential (or integral) when it comes to a building used by the general public.
The idea of the third sentence is that a building's historic value (expressed more artfully, history or
tradition) need not always be sacrificed for the sake of making the building safe for the public.
NEW QUESTION 21
Charles A. Lindbergh is remembered as the first person to make a nonstop solo flight across the Atlantic,
in 1927. This feat, when Lindbergh was only twenty-five years old, assured him a lifetime of fame and
public attention. Charles Augustus Lindbergh was more interested in flying airplanes than he was in
studying. He dropped out of the University of Wisconsin after two years to earn a living performing
daredevil airplane stunts at country fairs. Two years later, he joined the United States Army so that he
could go to the Army Air Service flight-training school. After completing his training, he was hired to fly
mail between St. Louis and Chicago. Then came the historic flight across the Atlantic. In 1919, a New
York City hotel owner offered a prize of $25,000 to the first pilot to fly nonstop from New York to Paris.
Nine St. Louis business leaders helped pay for the plane Lindbergh designed especially for the flight.
Lindbergh tested the plane by flying it from San Diego to New York, with an overnight stop in St. Louis.
The flight took only 20 hours and 21 minutes, a transcontinental record. Nine days later, on May 20,1927,
Lindbergh took off from Long Island, New York, at 7:52 A. M. He landed at Paris on May 21 at 10:21 P. M.
He had flown more than 3,600 miles in less than thirty four hours. His flight made news around the world.
He was given awards and parades everywhere he went. He was presented with the U. S. Congressional
Medal of Honor and the first Distinguished Flying Cross. For a long time, Lindbergh toured the world as a
U. S. goodwill ambassador. He met his future wife, Anne Morrow, in Mexico, where her father was the
United States ambassador. During the 1930s, Charles and Anne Lindbergh worked for various airline
companies, charting new commercial air routes. In 1931, for a major airline, they charted a new route from
the east coast of the United States to the Orient. The shortest, most efficient route was a great curve
across Canada, over Alaska, and down to China and Japan. Most pilots familiar with the Arctic did not
believe that such a route was possible. The Lindberghs took on the task of proving that it was. They
arranged for fuel and supplies to be set out along the route. On July 29, they took off from Long Island in a
specially equipped small seaplane. They flew by day and each night landed on a lake or a river and
camped. Near Nome, Alaska, they had their first serious emergency. Out of daylight and nearly out of fuel,
they were forced down in a small ocean inlet. In the next morning's light, they discovered they had landed
on barely three feet of water. On September 19, after two more emergency landings and numerous close
calls, they landed in China with the maps for a safe airline passenger route. Even while actively engaged
as a pioneering flier, Lindbergh was also working as an engineer.
In 1935, he and Dr. Alexis Carrel were given a patent for an artificial heart. During World War I in the
1 940s, Lindbergh served as a civilian technical advisor in aviation. Although he was a civilian, he flew
over fifty combat missions in the Pacific. In the 1950s, Lindbergh helped design the famous 747 jet airliner.
In the late 1960s, he spoke widely on conservation issues. He died August 1974, having lived through
aviation history from the time of the first powered flight to the first steps on the moon and having
influenced a big part of that history himself.
When did the Lindberghs map an air route to China?
- A. while designing the 747
- B. before Charles worked with Dr. Carrel
- C. when he was thirty
- D. after World War II
- E. before they worked for an airline
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 22
"Old woman," grumbled the burly white man who had just heard Sojourner Truth speak, "do you think your
talk about slavery does any good? I don't care any more for your talk than I do for the bite of a flea." The
tall, imposing black woman turned her piercing eyes on him. "Perhaps not," she answered, "but I'll keep
you scratching." The little incident of the 1840s sums up all that Sojourner Truth was: utterly dedicated to
spreading her message, afraid of no one, forceful and witty in speech. Yet forty years earlier, who could
have suspected that a spindly slave girl growing up in a damp cellar in upstate New York would become
one of the most remarkable women in American history? Her name then was Isabella (many slaves had
no last names), and by the time she was fourteen she had seen both parents die of cold and hunger. She
herself had been sold several times. By 1827, when New York freed its slaves, she had married and
borne five children. The first hint of Isabella's fighting spirit came soon afterwards, when her youngest son
was illegally seized and sold. She marched to the courthouse and badgered officials until her son was
returned to her. In 1843, inspired by religion, she changed her name to Sojourner (meaning "one who
stays briefly") Truth, and, with only pennies in her purse, set out to preach against slavery. From New
England to Minnesota she trekked, gaining a reputation for her plain but powerful and moving words.
Incredibly, despite being black and female (only white males were expected to be public speakers), she
drew thousands to town halls, tents, and churches to hear her powerful, deep-voiced pleas on equality for
blacks-and for women. Often she had to face threatening hoodlums. Once she stood before armed bullies
and sang a hymn to them. Awed by her courage and her commanding presence, they sheepishly
retreated. During the Civil War she cared for homeless ex-slaves in Washington. President Lincoln invited
her to the White House to bestow praise on her. Later, she petitioned Congress to help former slaves get
land in the West. Even in her old age, she forced the city of Washington to integrate its trolley cars so that
black and white could ride together. Shortly before her death at eighty-six, she was asked what kept her
going. "I think of the great things," replied Sojourner.
This incident occurred in the-
- A. 1840s
- B. 1700s
- C. 1920s
- D. 1760s
- E. 1900s
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 23
In the United States, the extent of adult illiteracy at the workplace has been obscured by adequate
employment for adults with few or no literacy skills, too-simple definitions of literacy, faulty survey
methods, and a stigma associated with illiteracy that keeps many people from admitting illiteracy or
seeking help in overcoming it. With today's increasingly rapid technological advances and increased
foreign competition, however, U.S. businesses are growing more and more aware of the extent and the
costs of illiteracy in the work force. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics warns that the U.S. labor-force
entrants in the years ahead may not have the skills that employers need-that new jobs in the service
industries, where most job growth is projected to occur, will demand much higher literacy skill levels than
today's service jobs, and few new jobs will be created for those who cannot read and follow directions, fill
out forms and communicate by e-mail with coworkers, and perform simple arithmetical computations
applying the basic rules of mathematics.
It can be inferred from the passage that
- A. workplace literacy programs are generally ineffective
- B. solving workplace problems usually requires face-to-face communication
- C. workers today should learn to speak more than one language
- D. adding numbers is a type of literacy skill
- E. government projections about the future job market are unreliable
Answer: D
Explanation:
In the passage, the author mentions arithmetic skills along with reading and writing skills in describing the
sorts of "literacy skills" that future jobs will require, and the passage also mentions that U.S. businesses
must teach their new and current workforce members.
NEW QUESTION 24
SHUN : DISAPPROVAL ::
- A. study : studiousness
- B. nap : relaxation
- C. envy : ambition
- D. give : greed
- E. lie : insecurity
Answer: B
Explanation:
This is a "symptom, sign, or manifestation" analogy. To SHUN is to avoid or ignore. One who expresses
DISAPPROVAL of the behavior of another might show that disapproval by shunning the other person. So
shunning is one possible sign of disapproval (but not a defining characteristic of it). Similarly, anapa
possible sign of relaxation(but not a defining characteristic of it).
NEW QUESTION 25
The village of Vestmannaeyjar, in the far northern country of Iceland, is as bright and clean and up-to-date
as any American or Canadian suburb. It is located on the island of Heimaey, just off the mainland. One
January night in 1973, however, householders were shocked from their sleep. In some backyards red-hot
liquid was spurting from the ground.
Flaming "skyrockets" shot up and over the houses. The island's volcano, Helgafell, silent for seven
thousand years, was violently erupting! Luckily, the island's fishing fleet was in port, and within twenty-four
hours almost everyone was ferried to the mainland. But then the agony of the island began in earnest. As
in a nightmare, fountains of burning lava spurted three hundred feet high. Black, baseball-size cinders
rained down. An evilsmelling, eye-burning, throat-searing cloud of smoke and gas erupted into the air,
and a river of lava flowed down the mountain. The constant shriek of escaping steam was punctuated by
ear-splitting explosions. As time went on, the once pleasant village of Vestmannaeyjar took on a weird
aspect. Its street lamps still burning against the long Arctic night, the town lay under a thick blanket of
cinders. All that could be seen above the ten-foot black drifts were the tips of street signs. Some houses
had collapsed under the weight of cinders; others had burst into flames as the heat ignited their oil storage
tanks. Lighting the whole lurid scene, fire continued to shoot from the mouth of the looming volcano. The
eruption continued for six months. Scientists and reporters arrived from around the world to observe the
awesome natural event. But the town did not die that easily. In July, when the eruption ceased, the people
of Heimaey Island returned to assess the chances of rebuilding their homes and lives. They found tons of
ash covering the ground. The Icelanders are a tough people, however, accustomed to the strange and
violent nature of their Arctic land. They dug out their homes. They even used the cinders to build new
roads and airport runways. Now the new homes of Heimaey are warmed from water pipes heated by
molten lava.
This volcanic eruption lasted for six ___.
- A. months
- B. weeks
- C. years
- D. days
- E. hours
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 26
The government's _______ clinical study requirements for new drugs do not _______ pharmaceutical
firms when it comes to research and development, chiefly because of the profit potential afforded by
patent protection.
- A. onerous . . dissuade
- B. official . . please
- C. extensive . . impel
- D. unenforceable . . favor
- E. vague . . prejudice
Answer: A
Explanation:
The signpost word in this sentence is "because," which requires that what follows it must explain what
precedes it. Profit potential would explain why drug companies persist in developing new drugs despite
onerous (burdensome) government regulations. ChoiceB.is the only one that expresses this ideA.(The
word dissuade means "discourage or persuade not to.")
NEW QUESTION 27
RITE : CEREMONY
- A. pall: clarity
- B. agitation: calm
- C. clamor : silence
- D. magnitude: size
- E. affliction: blessing
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 28
When it was constructed, the gymnasium was highly _______; the students for whom it was planned were
_______, but community members who faced losing their neighborhood park were outraged.
- A. fortuitous . . euphoric
- B. warranted . . skeptical
- C. controversial . . gratified
- D. unnecessary . . impartial
- E. desirable . . numerous
Answer: C
Explanation:
The word "but" shows that the reaction of the students and faculty was different from that of the
community members. The word gratified describes a reaction that is contrary to "outraged," and
controversial describes the fact that the two groups had such opposite opinions.
NEW QUESTION 29
EVANESCENT : VANISH ::
- A. effervescent : corrode
- B. vacuous : expedite
- C. fluorescent : disappear
- D. expressive : admonish
- E. iridescent : shine
Answer: E
Explanation:
This is a "defining characteristic" analogy. EVANESCENT means "tending to VANISH." ridescent means
"tending to shine."
NEW QUESTION 30
RECTITUDE:
- A. intellectual uncertainty
- B. difference of opinion
- C. ethical dilemma
- D. moral weakness
- E. lack of self-confidence
Answer: D
Explanation:
RECTITUDE means "moral virtue or strength." ChoiceD.provides an ideal antonym.
Topic 3, Sentence Completions
NEW QUESTION 31
COTTON : SOFT ::
- A. nylon : strong
- B. silk : expensive
- C. iron : hard
- D. wood : polished
- E. wool : warm
Answer: C
Explanation:
This is a "intrinsic aspect or quality" analogy. COTTON is SOFT to the touch; similarly, an iron is hard to
the touch. These are both inherent tactile characteristics.
NEW QUESTION 32
"Old woman," grumbled the burly white man who had just heard Sojourner Truth speak, "do you think your
talk about slavery does any good? I don't care any more for your talk than I do for the bite of a flea." The
tall, imposing black woman turned her piercing eyes on him. "Perhaps not," she answered, "but I'll keep
you scratching." The little incident of the 1840s sums up all that Sojourner Truth was: utterly dedicated to
spreading her message, afraid of no one, forceful and witty in speech. Yet forty years earlier, who could
have suspected that a spindly slave girl growing up in a damp cellar in upstate New York would become
one of the most remarkable women in American history? Her name then was Isabella (many slaves had
no last names), and by the time she was fourteen she had seen both parents die of cold and hunger. She
herself had been sold several times. By 1827, when New York freed its slaves, she had married and
borne five children. The first hint of Isabella's fighting spirit came soon afterwards, when her youngest son
was illegally seized and sold. She marched to the courthouse and badgered officials until her son was
returned to her. In 1843, inspired by religion, she changed her name to Sojourner (meaning "one who
stays briefly") Truth, and, with only pennies in her purse, set out to preach against slavery. From New
England to Minnesota she trekked, gaining a reputation for her plain but powerful and moving words.
Incredibly, despite being black and female (only white males were expected to be public speakers), she
drew thousands to town halls, tents, and churches to hear her powerful, deep-voiced pleas on equality for
blacks-and for women. Often she had to face threatening hoodlums. Once she stood before armed bullies
and sang a hymn to them. Awed by her courage and her commanding presence, they sheepishly
retreated. During the Civil War she cared for homeless ex-slaves in Washington. President Lincoln invited
her to the White House to bestow praise on her. Later, she petitioned Congress to help former slaves get
land in the West. Even in her old age, she forced the city of Washington to integrate its trolley cars so that
black and white could ride together. Shortly before her death at eighty-six, she was asked what kept her
going. "I think of the great things," replied Sojourner.
She preached against-
- A. hoodlums
- B. smoking
- C. alcohol
- D. women having no rights
- E. slavery
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION 33
It is clearly in the public's best interest for news agencies to _______ their journalist employees _______
information tantamount to hearsay through independent scrutiny.
- A. discourage . . from endorsing
- B. encourage . . to embellish
- C. discipline . . without verifying
- D. admonish . . to confirm
- E. warn . . about querying
Answer: D
Explanation:
Hearsay (second-hand information) tends to be unreliable. So it makes sense that, acting in
the public's best interest, news agencies should admonish (warn or instruct sternly) their journalists to
scrutinize hearsay information to confirm its accuracy.
NEW QUESTION 34
Personality is rooted as deeply in the need for _______, or at least personal interaction, as _______
well-being is rooted in chemical needs.
- A. affection . . social
- B. hope . . biological
- C. love . . physical
- D. self-respect . . bodily
- E. companionship . . natural
Answer: C
Explanation:
The first missing word should convey an idea that fits the concept of "personal interaction"; the second
missing word should describes the kind of "well-being" that would have a "chemical" basis. Only the word
pair love and physical fits both requirements.
NEW QUESTION 35
American history scholars generally attribute formation of the League of Indian Nations to Degandawida,
who convinced the warring and fiercely autonomous Iroquois nations to embrace his radical idea for a
league by tying it to familiar Iroquois customs and institutions. He associated the notion of peace and
partnership with the Iroquois custom by which the families of slain warriors adopted war prisoners into the
tribe. He invoked unquestioned social institutions as symbols, comparing the League to the traditional
Iroquois clan in which several families share a "Longhouse" and likening the Great Council, comprised of
representatives from each nation, to the Longhouse's ever-burning Council Fire. And he assigned to each
nation specific duties in order to assuage its fear of losing national identity. (For instance, he assigned to
the Onondagas, who were centrally positioned geographically, the role of perpetual hosts.) Perhaps most
persuasive, however, was how Degandawida's League replicated the power structure of the traditional
Iroquois clan. Each of the five Iroquois nations was comprised of matriarchal totemic clans in which the
chiefs were men, the clan heads were women, and the chief's children were considered members of his
wife's clan. Degandawida determined that the heads of each nation should select their League
representatives, thereby effectively precluding the possibility of League representatives passing their
power on to their sons, as well as decreasing the likelihood that a pro-war representative would be
appointed. Iroquois unification under the League lasted about two centuries, when disagreement as to
whether to become involved in the American Revolutionary war divided the Iroquois. The revolutionaries'
success and their subsequent encroachment upon Iroquois lands forced many Iroquois to resettle in
Canada, while those who remained behind lost respect from other Indian nations. The introduction of
distilled spirits led to widespread alcoholism and, in turn, to a rapid decline of the culture and population.
The Quakers' influence impeded, yet in another sense contributed, to this decline. By establishing schools
for the Iroquois and by introducing them to modern technology for agriculture and husbandry, the Quakers
instilled some hope for the future yet undermined their sense of national identity. Ironically, it was the
alcoholic halfbrother of Seneca, Cornplanter, the most outspoken proponent among the Iroquois for
assimilation of white customs and institutions, who revived the Iroquois culture. Around 1800, Handsome
Lake, a former member of the Great Council, established a new religion among the Iroquois that tied the
more useful aspects of Christianity to traditional Indian beliefs and customs. Lake's teachings quickly
became firmly entrenched among the Iroquois, sparking reunification and renewed confidence while also
curbing rampant alcoholism. Lake's influence is still evident today: many modern- day Iroquois belong
both to his religion and to one or another Christian sect.
The passage mentions all of the following developments as contributing factors in the decline of the
Iroquois culture EXCEPT for
- A. introduction of new farming technologies
- B. divisive power struggles among the leaders of the Iroquois nations
- C. discord among the nations regarding their role in the American Revolution
- D. new educational opportunities for the Iroquois people
- E. territorial threats against the Iroquois nations
Answer: B
Explanation:
Nowhere in this passage does the author mention any power struggles among the leaders of the Iroquois
nations. Although the third paragraph does refer to a dispute among the Iroquois leaders, the dispute
involved the role that the Iroquois should play in the American Revolution (choice E).
NEW QUESTION 36
DECREE : INFORM ::
- A. endure : persist
- B. gallop : canter
- C. resign : quit
- D. shout : whisper
- E. fascinate : interest
Answer: C
Explanation:
This is a "type of" analogy. A DECREE is a pronouncement or declaration. A decree INFORMS, but it's a
distinctively official or formal way of doing so. Similarly, resigning is a formal way of quitting .
NEW QUESTION 37
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